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| Symbol | Description | Subject | Level | Frequency | Aliases | LaTeX | Unicode | Related | Example | Common fields |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V denotes voltage in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Voltage 电压 | V | U+0056 | — | V = IR | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| I denotes current in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Current 电流 | I | U+0049 | — | I = V/R | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| R denotes resistance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Resistance 电阻 | R | U+0052 | — | R = V/I | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| G denotes conductance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Conductance 电导 | G | U+0047 | — | G = 1/R | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| C denotes capacitance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Capacitance 电容 | C | U+0043 | — | C = Q/V | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| L denotes inductance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Inductance 电感 | L | U+004C | — | V = L·dI/dt | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| Z denotes impedance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Impedance 阻抗 | Z | U+005A | — | Z = V/I | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| Y denotes admittance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Admittance 导纳 | Y | U+0059 | — | Y = 1/Z | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| X denotes reactance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Reactance 电抗 | X | U+0058 | — | Z = R + jX | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| B denotes susceptance in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Susceptance 电纳 | B | U+0042 | — | Y = G + jB | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| P denotes active power in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Active power 有功功率 | P | U+0050 | — | P = VI cosφ | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| Q denotes reactive power in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Reactive power 无功功率 | Q | U+0051 | — | Q = VI sinφ | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| S denotes apparent power in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Apparent power 视在功率 | S | U+0053 | — | S = VI | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| φ denotes phase angle in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Phase angle 相位角 | \phi | U+03C6 | — | cosφ = P/S | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| f denotes frequency in circuit quantities. | Circuit Quantities | Intermediate | Frequent | Frequency 频率 | f | U+0066 | — | f = 50 Hz | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| DC denotes direct current in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Direct current 直流 | \mathrm{DC} | U+0044 + U+0043 | — | 12 V DC | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| AC denotes alternating current in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Alternating current 交流 | \mathrm{AC} | U+0041 + U+0043 | — | 230 V AC | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| ⏚ denotes earth ground in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Earth ground 接地 | \earth | U+23DA | — | PE ⏚ | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| PE denotes protective earth in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Protective earth 保护接地 | \mathrm{PE} | U+0050 + U+0045 | — | PE terminal | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| N denotes neutral conductor in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Neutral conductor 中性线 | N | U+004E | — | L / N / PE | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| L denotes line conductor in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Line conductor 相线 | L | U+004C | — | L / N / PE | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| +V denotes positive supply rail in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Positive supply rail 正电源轨 | +V | U+002B + U+0056 | — | +5 V | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| −V denotes negative supply rail in power & safety. | Power & Safety | Intermediate | Frequent | Negative supply rail 负电源轨 | -V | U+2212 + U+0056 | — | −5 V | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| R denotes resistor in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Resistor 电阻器 | R | U+0052 | — | R1 = 10 kΩ | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| C denotes capacitor in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Capacitor 电容器 | C | U+0043 | — | C1 = 100 nF | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| L denotes inductor in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Inductor 电感器 | L | U+004C | — | L1 = 10 mH | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| D denotes diode in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Diode 二极管 | D | U+0044 | — | D1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| LED denotes light-emitting diode in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Light-emitting diode 发光二极管 | \mathrm{LED} | U+004C + U+0045 + U+0044 | — | LED1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| Q denotes transistor in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Transistor 晶体管 | Q | U+0051 | — | Q1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| M denotes motor in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Motor 电动机 | M | U+004D | — | M1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| T denotes transformer in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Transformer 变压器 | T | U+0054 | — | T1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| F denotes fuse in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Fuse 熔断器 | F | U+0046 | — | F1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| K denotes relay in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Relay 继电器 | K | U+004B | — | K1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| S denotes switch in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Switch 开关 | S | U+0053 | — | S1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| TP denotes test point in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Test point 测试点 | \mathrm{TP} | U+0054 + U+0050 | — | TP1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| NC denotes normally closed in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Normally closed 常闭 | \mathrm{NC} | U+004E + U+0043 | — | NC contact | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| NO denotes normally open in components & terminals. | Components & Terminals | Intermediate | Frequent | Normally open 常开 | \mathrm{NO} | U+004E + U+004F | — | NO contact | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| 0 denotes logic low in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Logic low 逻辑低电平 | 0 | U+0030 | — | 0 = LOW | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| 1 denotes logic high in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Logic high 逻辑高电平 | 1 | U+0031 | — | 1 = HIGH | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| ¬ denotes logical not in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Logical NOT 逻辑非 | \neg | U+00AC | — | ¬A | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| ∧ denotes logical and in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Logical AND 逻辑与 | \land | U+2227 | — | A ∧ B | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| ∨ denotes logical or in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Logical OR 逻辑或 | \lor | U+2228 | — | A ∨ B | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| ⊕ denotes exclusive or in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Exclusive OR 异或 | \oplus | U+2295 | — | A ⊕ B | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| CLK denotes clock signal in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Clock signal 时钟信号 | \mathrm{CLK} | U+0043 + U+004C + U+004B | — | CLK ↑ | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| EN denotes enable signal in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Enable signal 使能信号 | \mathrm{EN} | U+0045 + U+004E | — | EN = 1 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| RST denotes reset signal in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Reset signal 复位信号 | \mathrm{RST} | U+0052 + U+0053 + U+0054 | — | RST = 0 | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance | |
| PWM denotes pulse-width modulation in logic & signals. | Logic & Signals | Intermediate | Frequent | Pulse-width modulation 脉宽调制 | \mathrm{PWM} | U+0050 + U+0057 + U+004D | — | PWM 50% | Electronics, electrical engineering, automation, maintenance |
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A symbol may mean different things across disciplines and standards. Always interpret it with its subject, context, and cited sources.